Kuti akwaniritse zolinga za EU zochepetsera utsi woipa komanso kuti akwaniritse kusagwirizana ndi nyengo pofika chaka cha 2050, mayiko angapo omwe ali mamembala akhazikitsa mfundo ndi zolimbikitsira misonkho kuti alimbikitse ukadaulo wamagetsi oyera. Mapampu otentha, monga yankho lokwanira, amatha kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino mkati mwa nyumba komanso kuyendetsa njira yochotsera mpweya woipa kudzera mu kuphatikiza mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso. Ngakhale kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri, ndalama zambiri zogulira ndi kukhazikitsa zimakhalabe chopinga kwa ogula ambiri. Pofuna kulimbikitsa anthu kusankha machitidwe awa m'malo mwa ma boiler amafuta achikhalidwe, mfundo zonse za ku Europe komanso mfundo zadziko ndi zolimbikitsira misonkho zitha kukhala ndi gawo lofunikira.
Ponseponse, Europe yawonjezera khama lake lolimbikitsa ukadaulo wokhazikika mu gawo la kutentha ndi kuziziritsa, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zakale pogwiritsa ntchito zolimbikitsa misonkho ndi mfundo. Muyeso wofunikira ndi Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti "Green Homes", yomwe, kuyambira pa Januwale 1, 2025, idzaletsa ndalama zothandizira ma boiler amafuta opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zakale, m'malo mwake ikuyang'ana kwambiri pakukhazikitsa mapampu otenthetsera ogwira ntchito bwino komanso makina osakanikirana.
Italy
Italy yalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mapampu otentha kudzera mu mapulogalamu angapo othandizira misonkho, ndikulimbitsa kwambiri mfundo zake zachuma zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera komanso kuchepetsa mpweya m'nyumba kuyambira 2020. Malinga ndi ndondomeko ya bajeti ya 2024, zolimbikitsira msonkho zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera za 2025 ndi izi:
Ecobonasi: Imakulitsidwa kwa zaka zitatu koma ndi kuchepa kwa chiwongola dzanja (50% mu 2025, 36% mu 2026-2027), ndipo kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ndalama zomwe zimachotsedwa kumasiyana malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
Superbonasi: Imasunga chiwongola dzanja cha 65% (choyambirira chinali 110%), chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zinazake monga nyumba za nyumba, zomwe zimalipira ndalama zosinthira makina akale otenthetsera ndi mapampu otenthetsera abwino.
Conto Termico 3.0: Pofuna kukonzanso nyumba zomwe zilipo kale, imalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito makina otenthetsera mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa komanso zida zotenthetsera zogwira mtima.
- Ndalama zina zothandizira, monga "Bonus Casa," zimakhudzanso njira zopangira mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso monga photovoltaics.
Germany
Pambuyo pa mbiri yakale mu 2023, malonda a pampu yotenthetsera ku Germany adatsika ndi 46% mu 2024, koma panali kuwonjezeka kwa zosowa zachuma, ndipo ma fomu opitilira 151,000 adavomerezedwa. Mabungwe amakampani akuyembekeza kuti msika udzayambiranso ndipo akukonzekera kuyambitsa kugawa ndalama zothandizira mu 2025.
Pulogalamu ya BEG: Kuphatikizapo pulojekiti ya KfW yosinthira kutentha, idzakhala "yogwira ntchito nthawi zonse" kuyambira koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2025, kuthandizira kukonzanso nyumba zomwe zilipo kale ku makina otenthetsera mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, ndi ndalama zothandizira mpaka 70%.
Ndalama Zothandizira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu Moyenera: Kuphimba mapampu otentha pogwiritsa ntchito mafiriji achilengedwe kapena mphamvu ya geothermal; ndalama zothandizira kuthamangitsa nyengo zimayang'ana eni nyumba omwe amalowa m'malo mwa makina opangira mafuta; ndalama zothandizira zokhudzana ndi ndalama zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mabanja omwe amapeza ndalama zosakwana ma euro 40,000 pachaka.
- Zolimbikitsa zina zikuphatikiza ndalama zothandizira kukonza makina otenthetsera (BAFA-Heizungsoptimierung), ngongole za retrofit zakuya (KfW-Sanierungskredit), ndi ndalama zothandizira nyumba zobiriwira zatsopano (KFN).
Spain
Spain ikufulumizitsa kukwezedwa kwa ukadaulo woyera kudzera mu njira zitatu:
Kuchotsera Misonkho ya Munthu Payekha: Kuyambira Okutobala 2021 mpaka Disembala 2025, kuchotsera kwa ndalama zoyambira 20% mpaka 60% (mpaka ma euro 5,000 pachaka, ndi ma euro 15,000) kulipo poyika ma heat pump, zomwe zimafuna ziphaso ziwiri zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu moyenera.
Ndondomeko Yokonzanso Mizinda: Yothandizidwa ndi NextGenerationEU, imapereka ndalama zothandizira kukhazikitsa mpaka 40% (ndi malire a ma euro 3,000, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa amatha kulandira ndalama zothandizira 100%).
Zothandizira Misonkho ya Katundu: Kuchotsera ndalama zokwana 60% (mpaka ma euro 9,000) kulipo pa nyumba zonse, ndipo 40% (mpaka ma euro 3,000) pa nyumba za banja limodzi.
Ndalama Zothandizira Zachigawo: Ndalama zina zitha kuperekedwa ndi madera odziyimira pawokha.
Greece
Ndondomeko ya "EXOIKonOMO 2025" imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzera mu kukonzanso nyumba, ndi mabanja osauka omwe amalandira ndalama zothandizira 75%-85%, ndi magulu ena 40%-60%, ndipo bajeti yayikulu yawonjezeka kufika pa ma euro 35,000, kuphatikizapo zotetezera kutentha, kusintha mawindo ndi zitseko, ndi kukhazikitsa makina otenthetsera.
France
Ndalama Zothandizira Munthu Payekha (Ma Prime Renov): Ndalama zothandizira zilipo kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito poyika pampu yotenthetsera yokha isanafike chaka cha 2025, koma kuyambira chaka cha 2026, pakufunika kusintha zinthu ziwiri zowonjezera kutentha. Ndalama zothandizira zimadalira ndalama zomwe amapeza, kukula kwa banja, dera, ndi mphamvu zosungira mphamvu.
Thandizo Lowonjezera Kutentha (Coup de pouce chauffage): Thandizo lilipo kuti lilowe m'malo mwa makina opangira mafuta, ndi kuchuluka kogwirizana ndi katundu wa m'nyumba, kukula kwake, ndi dera lake.
Thandizo Lina: Thandizo la boma la m'deralo, kuchepetsedwa kwa VAT ndi 5.5% kwa ma heat pumps okhala ndi COP ya osachepera 3.4, ndi ngongole zopanda chiwongola dzanja za mpaka ma euro 50,000.
Mayiko a ku Nordic
Dziko la Sweden likutsogolera ku Ulaya ndi makina opopera kutentha okwana 2.1 miliyoni, ndipo likupitirizabe kuthandizira chitukuko cha makina opopera kutentha kudzera mu kuchotsera msonkho wa "Rotavdrag" ndi pulogalamu ya "Grön Teknik".
United Kingdom
Ndondomeko Yokweza Boiler (BUS): Bajeti yowonjezera ya mapaundi 25 miliyoni (bajeti yonse ya 2024-2025 ndi mapaundi 205 miliyoni) yaperekedwa, kupereka: ndalama zothandizira mapaundi 7,500 za mapampu otenthetsera mpweya/madzi/nthaka (poyamba mapaundi 5,000), ndi ndalama zothandizira mapaundi 5,000 za boilers za biomass.
- Makina osakanikirana sali oyenerera kulandira thandizo koma akhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi thandizo la dzuwa.
- Zolimbikitsa zina zikuphatikizapo ndalama za "Eco4", kusakhala ndi VAT pa mphamvu zoyera (mpaka mu Marichi 2027), ngongole zopanda chiwongola dzanja ku Scotland, ndi "Nest Scheme" yaku Wales.
Misonkho ndi Ndalama Zogwirira Ntchito
Kusiyana kwa VAT: Mayiko asanu ndi limodzi okha, kuphatikiza Belgium ndi France, ndi omwe ali ndi mitengo yotsika ya VAT pa mapampu otenthetsera kuposa ya ma boiler a gasi, zomwe zikuyembekezeka kukwera kufika kumayiko asanu ndi anayi (kuphatikiza UK) pambuyo pa Novembala 2024.
Kupikisana pa Mtengo Wogwirira Ntchito: Mayiko asanu ndi awiri okha ndi omwe ali ndi mitengo yamagetsi yochepera kawiri kuposa mtengo wa gasi, pomwe Latvia ndi Spain ali ndi mitengo yotsika ya VAT ya gasi. Deta yochokera mu 2024 ikuwonetsa kuti mayiko asanu okha ndi omwe ali ndi mitengo yamagetsi yochepera kawiri kuposa ya gasi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunikira kochitapo kanthu kuti achepetse ndalama zogwirira ntchito zamapampu otentha.
Ndondomeko zandalama ndi njira zolimbikitsira zomwe mayiko omwe ali mamembala a EU akugwiritsa ntchito zikulimbikitsa anthu kugula mapampu otenthetsera, omwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakusintha kwa mphamvu ku Europe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-19-2025